No claims are made regarding the accuracy of poland 2020 information contained here. Aug 30, 2019 the northern part of poland has a more varied topography and features many lakes and hilly areas. Warsaw, polands capital, has an average january high temperature of 32 degrees 0. Cia operations in poland, ukraine and albania, which had encouraged anticommunist resistance, collapsed in defeat p. Book your tickets online for the top things to do in poland on tripadvisor. The cia world factbook with global information on geography, people, governments, economies, communications, transportation, the military, and international issues. Inside the cias secret polish torture site the atlantic. European power struggles immersed germany in two devastating world wars in the first half of the 20th century and left the country occupied by the victorious allied powers of the us, uk, france.
Cia world fact book, 2004poland wikisource, the free. Poland simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. If you wish to link to this page, you can do so by referring to the url address below this line. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about poland introduction 2019 should be addressed. Cia world factbook the best country factbook available online. The cia can recruit these people because it has so much money. The office of public affairs opa is the single point of contact for all inquiries about the central intelligence agency cia.
Polands history as a state began near the middle of the 10th century. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about the 2009 cia world fact book should be addressed to the cia. Allens cia also failed to foresee khrushchev coming to power after stalins death, and did nothing to help hungary revolt after having whipped up antisoviet feeling in hungary p. By the mid16th century, the polishlithuanian commonwealth ruled a vast tract of land in central and eastern europe. Polands climate is temperate with cold, wet winters and mild, rainy summers.
Poland s history as a state began near the middle of the 10th century. The eu put the czech republic just behind poland and hungary in preparations for accession, which will give further impetus and direction to structural reform. The kingdom eventually became part of the polyglot austrohungarian empire, which collapsed during world war i. Top 10 wild animals in poland an extraordinary list. We read every letter or email we receive, and we will convey your comments to cia officials outside opa as appropriate. One of the cias first and most important prisons in europe was located in poland. However, with limited staff and resources, we simply cannot respond to all who write to us. As europes largest economy and most populous nation, germany remains a key member of the continents economic, political, and defense organizations. Poland is an ancient nation that was conceived around the middle of the 10th century.
I have used the cia world fact book for many years in its various versions and updates and. The country fell under communist rule following world war ii. After the release of the senate intelligence committee report on cia torture, the president of poland between 1995 and 2005, alexander kwasniewski, admitted that he had agreed to host a secret cia black site in poland, but that activities were to be carried out in accordance to polish law. Nov 24, 2015 the cia world fact book 2016, is very interesting and informative. Jan 24, 2014 one of the cia s most important black sites, or secret prisons established throughout europe post911 to detain and torture alleged terrorists, was held in a twostory villa in a polish forest. Following the first world war, the closely related czechs and slovaks of the former austrohungarian empire merged to form czechoslovakia.
The czech republic and slovakia are to the south, ukraine and. The cia recruits people in place, someone like union leader lech walesa in poland. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of poland introduction 2019 information contained here. The camp was built by nazi germany in occupied poland during world war ii. Moves to complete banking, telecommunications, and energy privatization will encourage additional foreign investment, while intensified restructuring among large enterprises and banks. The central intelligence agency cia is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the united states, tasked with gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world, primarily through the use of human intelligence humint. The czech republic and slovakia are to the south, ukraine and belarus to the east, and the baltic sea, lithuania, and the russian exclave kaliningrad to the north. After the release of the senate intelligence committee report on cia torture, the president of poland between 1995 and 2005, alexander kwasniewski, admitted that he had agreed to host a secret cia black site in poland, but that activities were to be carried out in. Cia world factbook the most comprehensive country facts available online the world factbook the factbook provides a two to threepage summary of the demographics, geography, communications, government, economy, and military of 266 u. Jul 05, 2017 poland is working its way up just as the asian miracles did, as a manufacturing power, even though this path is much harder now. The cias mission includes collecting and analyzing information about high priority national security issues such as international terrorism, the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, cyber attacks, international organized crime and narcotics trafficking, regional conflicts, counterintelligence threats, and the effects of environmental and natural disasters. The world factbook, also known as the cia world factbook, is a reference resource produced by the central intelligence agency cia with almanacstyle information about the countries of the world.
Cia the world factbook field listing government type. The world factbook also known as the cia world factbook is an annual publication of the central intelligence agency of the united states with almanacstyle information about the countries of the world. The white stork bocian in polish is one of the most emblematic animals in poland, there is even a polish superstition about it. These years, while featuring general industrialization, urbanization and many improvements in the standard of living, were. More than 25% of the global population can be found in poland. One of the cias most important black sites, or secret prisons established throughout europe post911 to detain and torture alleged terrorists, was held in a twostory villa in a polish forest. Please bookmark this page add it to your favorites. Oct 25, 2014 cia operations in poland, ukraine and albania, which had encouraged anticommunist resistance, collapsed in defeat p. It is on the east of germany along oder and lusatian neisse. During the interwar years, the new countrys leaders were frequently preoccupied with meeting the demands of other ethnic minorities within the republic, most notably the sudeten germans and the ruthenians ukrainians.
In a series of agreements between 1772 and 1795, russia, prussia, and austria partitioned poland amongst themselves. This comprehensive guide is packed with data on the. The history of poland from 1945 to 1989 spans the period of communist rule imposed by the soviets over poland after the end of world war ii. Jun 10, 2015 in his engrossing new book, the billion dollar spy, david e. The us senates report on cia torture has put an uncomfortable glare on polands role as host of one of the cias secret prisons and forced a former president to finally admit he knew about. The official print version is available from the government printing office. Poland the world factbook central intelligence agency. The hidden history of the cias prison in poland the. It was the first of a trio in europe that housed the. The central intelligence agency cia is an independent us government agency responsible for providing national security intelligence to senior us policymakers. Central europe is the region around the alps and carpathian mountains lying between the areas of eastern and western europe. In his engrossing new book, the billion dollar spy, david e. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of poland people 2015 information contained here. The vast majority of the victims were jews, but some poles, roma, and other eastern european ethnic groups were also included.
Book programs in poland, author pawel sowinski traces the cia covert book program that funneled forbidden literature from west to east between 1956 and 1990. From the worlds most sophisticated intelligence gathering organization, here is the cias official countrybycountry data on nations around the world. Cia world factbook the most comprehensive country facts available online. The world factbook, also known as the cia world factbook, is a reference resource produced by the central intelligence agency cia with almanacstyle information. However, human rights groups named afghanistan, lithuania, poland, romania and thailand as the most likely. Warsaw, poland s capital, has an average january high temperature of 32 degrees 0. The cia prison in poland was arguably the most important of all the black sites created by the agency after the sept. Sowinski focuses on the intermediaries, distributors, and smugglers who carried this contraband across borders. Feb 22, 2012 pages in category cia world fact book the following 200 pages are in this category, out of 263 total.
Pages in category cia world fact book the following 200 pages are in this category, out of 263 total. The cia ran a secret jail on polish soil, the european court of human rights ruled on thursday, piling pressure on poland, one of washingtons closest allies, to. Countries of the world 31 years of cia world fact books, factbook, 1982, 1984, 1986, 1985, 1987, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999. Cia world factbook the best country factbook available.
All suggestions for corrections of any errors about poland people 2015 should be addressed to the cia. From afghanistan to zimbabwe, the cia world factbook 20192020 offers complete and uptodate information on the worlds nations. Hoffman takes readers into the cias moscow station during the cold war, telling the astonishing story of how spies recruited agents. Poland is working its way up just as the asian miracles did, as a manufacturing power, even though this path is much harder now. For more on the agencys mission, visit our strategic intent. The information regarding poland on this page is republished from the 2020 world fact book of the united states central intelligence agency and other sources. Europe cia world factbook the best country factbook.
Often the people running the unions are on the cia payroll. Jul 24, 2014 the cia ran a secret jail on polish soil, the european court of human rights ruled on thursday, piling pressure on poland, one of washingtons closest allies, to break its long silence about the. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of poland introduction 2015 information contained here. All statements in this fact book, other than those relating to historical facts, are forwardlooking statements. Countries of the world 31 years of cia world fact books. Poland s climate is temperate with cold, wet winters and mild, rainy summers. However, human rights groups named afghanistan, lithuania, poland, romania and thailand as the most likely hosts. I have used the cia world fact book for many years in its various versions and updates and would in principle give it a very high regard as a source of concise information on the various countries of the world all in one place. During the 18th century, internal disorders weakened the nation, and in a series of agreements between 1772 and 1795, russia, prussia, and austria. During the following century, the strengthening of the gentry and internal disorders weakened the nation. As one of the principal members of the united states intelligence community ic, the cia reports to the. The total land area of poland is about 312,679 km 2 120,728 mi 2, slightly.
These years, while featuring general industrialization, urbanization and many improvements in the standard of living, were marred by stalinist repressions, social unrest, political strife and severe economic difficulties. In addition, northern, southern and southeastern europe mean different regions, but in some way they may overlap central europe as well as each other. The cias black sites in europe are rumored to have detained and tortured suspected. Manufacturing is declining as a share of the global economy, and. The cia world factbook 20192020 by central intelligence. European court says cia ran secret jail in a polish forest. Ryszard kuklinski betrayed the communist leadership of poland, cooperating with the cia in one of the most extraordinary human. Jan 23, 2014 the cia prison in poland was arguably the most important of all the black sites created by the agency after the sept. Bush revealed the us had cia detention facilities overseas, but no details came out as to their exact locations.